Navigating the intricacies of Next.js can be challenging, but understanding how to set up optional dynamic routes with metadata can significantly enhance your web application’s SEO and usability. In this blog post, I’ll guide you through creating a Next.js 14 app with optional dynamic routes and setting up canonical URLs using metadata. By the end, you’ll have a better grasp of handling these aspects in your projects.
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Introduction
Optional dynamic routes are crucial for applications requiring flexible URL structures. In my recent project, I needed a route like /company/{id}/{name-slug}, where the name slug was optional. I also wanted to ensure that the canonical URLs were correctly set for SEO purposes. Here’s how I achieved this in Next.js 14 using TypeScript.
Setting Up the File Structure
First, let’s structure our Next.js 14 app to handle optional dynamic routes. For this example, the file structure under the /app directory should look like this:
/app/company/[id]/[...name]/page.tsxThis structure indicates that the [id] segment is required, while the [...name] segment is optional.
Creating the Page Component
Next, we’ll create our page.tsx file. This component will render the company information based on the id and name parameters from the URL. Here’s how to set it up:
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export async function generateMetadata({ params }): Promise<Metadata> {
const { id, name } = params;
const nameSlug = name ? (Array.isArray(name) ? name.join('/') : name) : '';
const canonicalUrl = `https://yourwebsite.com/company/${id}${nameSlug ? `/${nameSlug}` : ''}`;
return {
title: 'Company Page',
alternates: {
canonical: canonicalUrl,
},
};
}
const CompanyPage = ({ params }) => {
const { id, name } = params;
const nameSlug = name ? (Array.isArray(name) ? name.join('/') : name) : '';
return (
<div>
<h1>Company Page</h1>
<p>Company ID: {id}</p>
{nameSlug && <p>Company Name Slug: {nameSlug}</p>}
</div>
);
};
export default CompanyPage;In this component, we use the params object to extract the id and name from the URL. The nameSlug is constructed to handle both cases where name could be an array or a single string. This flexibility is essential for optional segments.
Generating Metadata with Canonical URLs
Setting the canonical URL is crucial for SEO to avoid duplicate content issues. In Next.js 14, we use the generateMetadata function to dynamically generate metadata for our pages. Here’s how it’s done:
- Define the
generateMetadataFunction:
export async function generateMetadata({ params }): Promise<Metadata> {
const { id, name } = params;
const nameSlug = name ? (Array.isArray(name) ? name.join('/') : name) : '';
const canonicalUrl = `https://yourwebsite.com/company/${id}${nameSlug ? `/${nameSlug}` : ''}`;
return {
title: 'Company Page',
alternates: {
canonical: canonicalUrl,
},
};
}In this function, we construct the canonical URL based on the presence of the name parameter. The alternates property in the returned metadata object includes the canonical URL, ensuring that search engines index the correct URL.
Handling URL Parameters
The CompanyPage component needs to correctly handle the URL parameters. Here’s the code snippet that does this:
const CompanyPage = ({ params }) => {
const { id, name } = params;
const nameSlug = name ? (Array.isArray(name) ? name.join('/') : name) : '';
return (
<div>
<h1>Company Page</h1>
<p>Company ID: {id}</p>
{nameSlug && <p>Company Name Slug: {nameSlug}</p>}
</div>
);
};In this component:
- We destructure the
paramsobject to get theidandnameparameters. - We handle the
nameparameter to create anameSlug, which can be an array or a single string. - We render the company information, displaying the
nameSlugonly if it exists.
Conclusion
Creating optional dynamic routes in Next.js 14 and setting up canonical URLs with metadata can significantly enhance your application’s SEO and user experience. By structuring your project correctly, handling URL parameters efficiently, and generating metadata dynamically, you ensure that your web pages are both user-friendly and search engine optimized.
Implementing these features in your Next.js 14 application will make your routes more flexible and improve your SEO efforts. I hope this guide has provided a clear and practical approach to achieving this.
