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Managing Mutation Status with React Query

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As I work with React Query, I often find myself needing to manage the status of mutations to ensure a seamless user experience. This involves disabling fields and buttons while data is being updated or created, preventing users from triggering multiple requests simultaneously. In this post, I’ll share how I handle mutation status using React Query’s mutateAsync and useMutation hooks.

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Understanding the Basics of useMutation

Before we delve into managing mutation status, it’s essential to understand how useMutation works. This hook allows you to perform asynchronous operations like creating, updating, or deleting data. When you call mutateAsync, the mutation’s status changes, indicating whether it’s loading, successful, or has failed.

Managing Mutation Status

To effectively manage mutation status, I use the status or specific loading states provided by the useMutation hook. Here’s how I do it:

  1. Checking Mutation Status
    When I call mutateAsync, I check the mutation’s status to determine if it’s loading. This can be done using the status property directly or by checking if the mutation is pending.
TypeScript
   import { useMutation } from '@tanstack/react-query';<br><br>   const { mutateAsync, isPending } = useMutation(yourMutationFunction);<br><br>   if (isPending) {<br>     // Disable fields and buttons here<br>   }
  1. Disabling UI Elements
    To enhance user experience, I disable UI elements like buttons and input fields while the mutation is in progress. This prevents users from triggering multiple requests simultaneously.
TypeScript
   import React from 'react';
   import { useMutation } from '@tanstack/react-query';

   function MyComponent() {
     const { mutateAsync, isPending } = useMutation(yourMutationFunction);

     const handleSubmit = async () => {
       await mutateAsync(yourVariables);
     };

     return (
       <button disabled={isPending} onClick={handleSubmit}>
         {isPending ? 'Loading...' : 'Submit'}
       </button>
     );
   }
  1. Handling Multiple Mutations
    Sometimes, I need to handle multiple mutations. In such cases, I use Promise.all with mutateAsync to ensure that all mutations are completed before enabling UI elements again.
TypeScript
   const mutations = yourData.map((item) => mutation.mutateAsync(item));
   try {
     await Promise.all(mutations);
   } catch (error) {
     console.error('Error occurred:', error);
   }

During this time, I keep UI elements disabled by checking if any of the mutations are still pending.

Implementing a Real-World Example

To illustrate this concept further, let’s consider a real-world scenario where I’m building a form that allows users to update their profile information. Here’s how I would implement it:

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TypeScript
import React, { useState } from 'react';
import { useMutation } from '@tanstack/react-query';

function ProfileForm() {
  const [name, setName] = useState('');
  const [email, setEmail] = useState('');

  const { mutateAsync, isPending } = useMutation(updateProfile);

  const handleSubmit = async (event) => {
    event.preventDefault();
    await mutateAsync({ name, email });
  };

  return (
    <form onSubmit={handleSubmit}>
      <input
        type="text"
        value={name}
        onChange={(e) => setName(e.target.value)}
        placeholder="Name"
        disabled={isPending}
      />
      <input
        type="email"
        value={email}
        onChange={(e) => setEmail(e.target.value)}
        placeholder="Email"
        disabled={isPending}
      />
      <button type="submit" disabled={isPending}>
        {isPending ? 'Updating...' : 'Update Profile'}
      </button>
    </form>
  );
}

In this example, both the input fields and the submit button are disabled while the profile update is in progress, ensuring that users cannot trigger multiple updates simultaneously.

Conclusion

Managing mutation status with React Query is straightforward once you understand how to use the status and isPending properties provided by the useMutation hook. By disabling UI elements during mutations, you can prevent unnecessary requests and enhance the overall user experience. This approach not only makes your application more responsive but also helps in maintaining a clean and predictable state. As I continue to work with React Query, I find these techniques invaluable in building robust and user-friendly applications.

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